Science Heritage Journal | Galeri Warisan Sains (GWS)

Soil salinity is a significant environmental problem that decreases the productivity of vegetable crops. One of the most commonly grown vegetable crops worldwide is the tomato and the salt concentration in the root area significantly affects its production and quality. Gibberellic acid plays a vital role in increasing tomato production in slightly salty soil conditions. An experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Field, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh, from November 2020 to April 2021, to assess the impact of gibberellic acid on the growth, yield and yield-contributing characters of tomato. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments and replicated three times. The treatments were, T0 = (0 ppm GA3), T1 = (50 ppm GA3), T2 = (75 ppm GA3), T3 = (100 ppm GA3). The maximum plant height (129.72 cm), number of leaves per plant (66.03), number of branches per plant (10.33), number of flowers per plant (89.18), number of fruit clusters per plant (13.46), number of fruits per plant (50.74), fruit weight (67.41 g), fruit length (8.22 cm), yield per plant (2.45 kg) and yield per hectare (70.36 t/ha) were obtained from T3 (100 ppm GA3), whereas the lowest data was recorded from control T0 (0 ppm GA3). Observing the results, it can be stated that application of gibberellic acid @ 100 ppm improved growth and yield of tomato in moderate saline soil.

A study was conducted to understand the Profitability of Peste des Petits (PPR) vaccine adoption in Dhading district, Nepal to determine whether PPR vaccinated goats generate higher profits for female goat keepers and to identifying the associated barriers of PPR vaccine adoption. Altogether 120 households were selected using random sampling technique. Primary data were collected using semi-structured and pre- tested household questionnaire, FGDs and KIIs while secondary data were collected from different published records. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Data were encoded and analyzed excel, SPSS and R-Stat. In subsistence goat farming, the average production cost per goat was NRs.4226 annually, with BCR of 2.05. The vaccinated goats farming have BCR of 4.69 while unvaccinated goats farming has 1.61 BCR, which suggest that the goat farm adopted with PPR vaccination is profitable. Among 13 barriers of vaccine adoption explored the communication in between goat keepers and CAHW and Education status of farmers are more likely to enhance the adoption of PPR vaccine. PPR vaccine adoption is driven by an integrated approach that binds the responsibility of goat farmers, community, local government and national level institutes including government and non-government organizations which help to increase women’s economic and social empowerment and contribute to more sustainable agribusiness through equitable subsistence goat farming systems. Moreover, it is important to establish a reliable information system within the cooperative to ensure that farmers receive timely and accurate information about vaccination campaigns and elongate the duration of vaccination campaign.

Due to the unfavourable and dangerous effects of conventional insecticides, protecting stored food grains against insect pest infestation has become a significant issue. Against this back drop, a laboratory experiment arranged in Complete Randomised Design was conducted to evaluate the insecticidal activity of Bridellia micrantha and Chasmanthra dependens against S. zeamais infestation on stored maize. Twenty grams (20g) maize seeds were admixed with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0g of each of the treatments in triplicates. Results showed that both plant materials caused significant adult mortality, suppressed infestation (9.45 – 21.71%), seed damage (6.88 – 21.71%) and reduced weight loss (5.79 – 34.01%) compared to control with increasing dosage rates. However, none of the plant powders was able to guarantee 100% protection against infestation, but both plant powders showed a significant promising effect in suppressing S. zeamais susceptibility to infestation and seed damage. The results obtained suggest that B. micrantha and C. dependens may be explored as a good potential botanical source insecticide as effective and suitable alternative to synthetic insecticides for S. zeamais infestation management on stored maize seeds due to their toxicity, oviposition deterrent, ovicidal activity and seed damage suppression.

This study describes a new Paleogene Rotaliid genus Uvigerinelloides from the middle Oligocene, Septarienthon of Hermsdorf, near Berlin, Germany. It is characterized by fusiform triserial perforate calcareous test, chambers regularly triserial throughout, while the final chambers more loosely arranged, surface finely hispid to smooth, which the last-formed chambers often entirely smooth, aperture slender neck and slightly phialine lip. This genus differs from the other Uvigeriniid genera by its finely hispid to smooth surface, which the last-formed chambers often entirely smooth.

Floral characteristics of 27 mango varieties were studied during February-May, 2024. Distinct variations were found among the studied varieties. Significant variation were observed in term of number of male flower per inflorescence, number of hermaphrodite flower per inflorescence, length of inflorescence and width of inflorescence ranging from 57 to 1737, 7 to 461, 19 cm to 40.6 cm, 6.4 cm to 25.7 cm respectively. The result disclosed that in all varieties flowers were of pentamerous type and inflorescence position were found terminal. The number of male flower per inflorescence were highest in Bombay (1737). In term of number of hermaphrodite flowers per inflorescence, chausa has highest number (461). In overall, male flower per inflorescence were more than hermaphrodite flower per inflorescence across all varieties except Amrapali, Jarda and Chausa. Ratna has the longest inflorescence (40.6 cm) and widest inflorescence (25.7 cm). From the study, it can be inferred that chausa will have more fruit set as it has more hermaphrodite flowers but seeing the overall floral character Ratna is more superior as it has longest and widest inflorescence and second highest in term of number of hermaphrodite flower among the studied varieties. The findings of the study will be beneficial for breeding purposes while developing new varieties of superior quality.

Chlorination is one technique used to treat wastewater; this method is particularly good at eliminating bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Chlorination is a common treatment method because it is more effective than other methods at eliminating most pathogenic organisms; however, it is also capable of eliminating the majority of other contaminants found in water. Seven bacteria were isolated from the sewage water in the current study, which included 30 sample collections from various locations throughout our city, both before and after the sewage water was treated with chlorine. (Staph. intermedis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staph.epidermidis, E.coli, Vibrio,cholera, Klebsiella pneumonia,and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.) The Vitek 2 system was used in conjunction with macroscopic and microscopic examination to make the diagnosis of those isolated bacteria. The amount of isolated bacteria decreased and some of them were killed after being treated with 10 mg/L of chlorine

This study looked at the behaviour of Equatorial Total Electron Content (TEC) in connection to geomagnetic storms that occurred between January and March of 2020. The data used in the study came from the Global Positioning System (GPS). Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) data was collected at three different ground stations to conduct the investigation: NKLG (GMAGLat. -8.04°S, GMAGLong. 81.05°E), ADIS (GMAGLat. 1.13°N, GMAGLong. 110.47°E), and DJIG (GMAGLat. 3.36°N, GMAGLong. 11457°E). The locations were carefully chosen in order to offer a comprehensive picture of the equatorial ionosphere’s response to magnetic storms. The study’s findings show that the equatorial region undergoes both amplification and depletion effects in the reaction of TEC to geomagnetic storms. The paper also proposed possible approaches to clarify these findings. The three stations’ different latitudinal positions were recognised as the principal source of the considerable variations in GPS-TEC responses during storm periods. Furthermore, during the storm periods, the peak positive percentage deviation of TEC displayed an ascending trend with rising altitude for each monitoring station. This finding suggests the existence of complex height-related interactions between the equatorial ionosphere and geomagnetic storms. The current study examines the complicated factors that influence the behaviour of TEC in equatorial regions during geomagnetic storms. It highlights the need of adding latitudinal and altitude factors in such studies.

The study dealt with the natural vegetation cover of the Khawabi region, as it abounds with many trees, shrubs, and herbs. This study was conducted during the years 2020-2021, and 173 plant species were randomly collected.,the study included the classification of plant species using the Libyan flora and the analysis of the growth patterns of the plant species The predominance are annual plants with a percentage of 60.11%, then followed by short perennial plants with a percentage of 28.90%, then terrestrial plants with a percentage of 7.51%, then tall plants with a percentage of 3.46% and comparing the order of the ten largest families in the Libyan flora with the families in the study area, where the ancestral family was It is the first and then the compound family, and the number of endemic plant species accounted for 3.46%, as the region is characterized by a Mediterranean climate.

Mungbean (Vigna radiata) has gained increasing significance as a crucial grain legume in Nepal’s tropical and sub-tropical regions due to its short growth cycle and soil fertility enhancement properties. This research was conducted at Agronomy farm of Lamjung campus, to assess how mungbean performs under varying row spacing and Npk fertilizer levels. The study employed two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three row spacing levels (20 cm, 25 cm, and 30 cm) and three NPK fertilizer doses (10:10:10, 20:20:20, and 30:30:30 kg NPK/ha) as treatments. The investigation explored phenological and yield attributing parameters. Interestingly, the outcomes showed that row spacing had negligible impact on root growth attributes, including root length and nodule formation. However, root nodule number increased with higher NPK fertilizer levels, particularly notable with the application of (30:30:30) kg NPK/ha, resulting in the highest nodules per plant (140.40), while the lowest nodules (91.35) were observed with (10:10:10) kg NPK/ha. Vital traits like plant height, branch and leaf counts, pod set, pod length, and seed weight were unresponsive to both NPK doses and row spacing levels. In contrast, grain yield exhibited a substantial increase with NPK fertilizer application, with the highest yield (1263.55 kg/ha) achieved with (30:30:30) kg NPK/ha and the lowest (929.27 kg/ha) with (10:10:10) kg NPK/ha. Therefore, this study shows strong correlations, especially between root nodules and grain yield, emphasized key links. NPK doses impacted vital root nodules for nitrogen fixation and suggests dense planting of Pratikshya mung beans with increased NPK fertilizer.

This study describes the new Paleocene Rotaliid genus Bolivinoidesella of sample ODP 198-drilled on the Southern High of Shatsky Rise, Site 1210A- 24H-4(30–32), 219.70, Pacific Ocean, which located at tropical latitudes (~10oN) around the K/Pg boundary from lower bathyal–upper abyssal environment (1500–2000 m). It is characterized by finely perforate calcareous wall with elongate large biserial test, nearly globular chambers increasing rapidly as added, surface ornamented with wrinkles, sutures obscured in the lower part of the test, but slightly depressed in the upper part, narrow opening basal aperture. The new genus Bolivinoidesella differs from the genus Bolivinoides by elongate test, wrinkled rugose ornamented surface than rhomboidal test with longitudinal costae may bifurcated distally.